Artificial Intelligence – new challenges for public law and the human rights’ doctrine

We stand on the edge of a new technological revolution. The era of digital communication is slowly becoming a thing of the past. Now, we are entering the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) – robots that able to communicate with humans, learn independently and work outside the algorithms. This is not science fiction. In 2017 two robots were recorded; one of them was even given citizenship. For months we have seen the development of intelligent cars, smart contracts or cryptocurrency. Thus the EU Parliament has responded with a new law on the civil aspects of robotics. However, the question arises if public law is ready for the new era of AI. I will try to focus on dilemmas regarding the development of AI, especially for public and constitutional law. I will claim the necessity of a new regulatory framework for robotics. In my paper I will want to draw attention to granting legal personality to robots as well as to risks regarding the enforcement of fundamental rights against robots.